Raymond Raymond

Apache Hive 3.1.2 Installation on Windows 10

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Apache Hive 3.1.2 Installation on Windows 10

Hive 3.1.2 was released on 26th Aug 2019. It is still the latest 3.x release and works with Hadoop 3.x.y releases. In this article, I’m going to provide step by step instructions about installing Hive 3.1.2 on Windows 10.

warning Alert - Apache Hive is impacted by Log4j vulnerabilities; refer to page Apache Log4j Security Vulnerabilities to find out the fixes.

Prerequisites

Before installation of Apache Hive, please ensure you have Hadoop available on your Windows environment. We cannot run Hive without Hadoop. 

Install Hadoop (mandatory)

I recommend to install Hadoop 3.3.0 to work with Hive 3.1.2 though any Hadoop 3.x version will work.

There are several articles I've published so far and you can follow one of them to install Hadoop in your Windows 10 machine:

Tools and Environment

  • Windows 10
  • Cygwin
  • Command Prompt

Install Cygwin

Please install Cygwin so that we can run Linux shell scripts on Windows. From Hive 2.3.0, the binary doesn’t include any CMD file anymore. Thus you have to use Cygwin or any other bash/sh compatible tools to run the scripts.

You can install Cygwin from this site: https://www.cygwin.com/.

Download binary package

Download the latest binary from the official website:

https://hive.apache.org/downloads.html

For my location, the closest download is available at http://apache.mirror.serversaustralia.com.au/hive/hive-3.1.2/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz.

Save the downloaded package to a local drive. I am saving to ‘F:\big-data’. This path will be referenced in the instructions below. Please remember to replace it accordingly if you are saving to a different path.

If you cannot find the package, you can download from the archive site too: https://archive.apache.org/dist/hive/hive-3.1.2/.

Unpack the binary package

Open Cygwin terminal, and change directory (cd) to the folder where you save the binary package and then unzip:

cd F:\big-data
tar -xvzf apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz

The binaries are unzipped to path: F:\big-data\apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.

Setup environment variables

Run the following commands in Cygwin to setup the environment variables:

export HADOOP_HOME='/cygdrive/f/big-data/hadoop-3.3.0'
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
export HIVE_HOME='/cygdrive/f/big-data/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin'
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$(hadoop classpath)
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$HIVE_HOME/lib/*.jar

You can add these exports to file .bashrc so that you don’t need to run these command manually each time when you launch Cygwin:

vi ~/.bashrc

And then add the above lines into the file. If your Hadoop or Hive paths are different, please change them accordingly. 

Run the following command to source the environment variables.

source ~/.bashrc

Start Hadoop daemon services

If you have not started Hadoop services yet, run the following commands in Command Prompt (Run as Administrator) window:

%HADOOP_HOME%\sbin\start-dfs.cmd
%HADOOP_HOME%\sbin\start-yarn.cmd

You should be able to see the following services via running jps command in Command Prompt:

jps
13024 NodeManager
18176 NameNode
10908 DataNode
1324 Jps
6284 ResourceManager

Setup Hive HDFS folders

Open Command Prompt and then run the following commands:

hadoop fs -mkdir /tmp
hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive/warehouse
hadoop fs -chmod g+w   /tmp
hadoop fs -chmod g+w   /user/hive/warehouse

These commands will setup HDFS folders for Hive data warehousing. 

Java doesn’t understand Cygwin path properly. To avoid errors like the following, we need to add some symbolic links:

JAR does not exist or is not a normal file: F:\cygdrive\f\big-data\apache-hive-3.1.2-bin\lib\hive-beeline-3.1.2.jar

In my system, Hive is installed in F:\big-data\ folder. To make it work, follow these steps:

  • Create a folder in F: driver named cygdrive
  • Open Command Prompt (Run as Administrator) and then run the following command:
C:\WINDOWS\system32>mklink /J  F:\cygdrive\f\ F:\
Junction created for F:\cygdrive\f\ <<===>> F:\

In this way, ‘F:\cygdrive\f’ will be equivalent to ‘F:\’.  You need to change the drive to the appropriate drive where you are installing Hive. For example, if you are installing Hive in C driver, the command line will be:

C:\WINDOWS\system32>mklink /J  C:\cygdrive\c\ C:\

Initialize metastore

Now we need to initialize the schemas for metastore. The command syntax looks like the following:

$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool -dbType <db type> -initSchema

Type the following command to view all the options:

$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool -help

For argument dbType, the value can be one of the following databases:

derby|mysql|postgres|oracle|mssql

For this article, I am going to use derby as it is purely Java based and also already built-in with the Hive release:

$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool -dbType derby -initSchema
infoIn some online guidance, they suggest to download Derby jar files. This is not required as they are already included in Hive release binary package. 

The output looks similar to the following:

2020081083700-image.png

Ensure you can see the log 'schemaTool completed'.

A folder named metastore_db will be created on your current path (pwd). For my environment, it is F:\big-data\metastore_db.

Configure a remote database as metastore

This step is optional for this article. You can configure it to support multiple sessions. 

Please refer to this post about configuring SQL Server database as metastore.

Configure a SQL Server Database as Remote Hive Metastore

For this article, I am going to just use the Derby file system database. 

Configure API authentication

Let's now add some configurations. All configuration files for Hive are stored in conf folder of HIVE_HOME folder.  

1) Create a configuration file named hive-site.xml using the following command in Cygwin:

cp $HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-default.xml.template $HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-site.xml

2) Open hive-site.xml file and remove all properties elements under root element 'configuration'.

3) Add the following configuration into hive-site.xml file.

<property>
    <name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name>
     <value>false</value>
     <description>
       Should metastore do authorization against database notification related APIs such as get_next_notification.
       If set to true, then only the superusers in proxy settings have the permission
     </description>
   </property>

The content of the file looks like the following:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><!--
   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.
-->
<configuration>
  <!-- Hive Execution Parameters -->
  <property>
    <name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name>
     <value>false</value>
     <description>
       Should metastore do authorization against database notification related APIs such as get_next_notification.
       If set to true, then only the superusers in proxy settings have the permission
     </description>
   </property>
</configuration>

Alternatively you can configure proxy user in Hadoop core-site.xml configuration file. Refer to the following post for more details:

HiveServer2 Cannot Connect to Hive Metastore Resolutions/Workarounds

Start HiveServer2 service

Run the following command in Cygwin to start HiveServer2 service:

$HIVE_HOME/bin/hive --service metastore & 
$HIVE_HOME/bin/hive --service hiveserver2 start &

Leave the Cygwin terminal open so that the service keeps running and you can open another Cygwin terminal to run beeline or hive commands. If you choose to use the following approach to start the service, press Ctrl + C to cancel this current one.

Run CLI directly

You can also run the CLI either via hive or beeline command.

$HIVE_HOME/bin/beeline -u jdbc:hive2://$HS2_HOST:$HS2_PORT
$HIVE_HOME/bin/hive

Replace $HS2_HOST with HiveServer2 address and $HS2_PORT with HiveServer2 port.

By default the URL is: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000.

Verify Hive installation

Now we have Hive installed successfully, we can run some SQL commands to verify.

For more details about the commands, refer to official website:

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/HiveServer2+Clients

Create a new Hive database

Run the following command in Beeline to create a database named test_db:

 create database if not exists test_db;

As I didn’t specify the database location, it will be created under the default HDFS location: /user/hive/warehouse.

In HDFS name node, we can see a new folder is created as the following screenshot shows:

20200810100009-image.png

Create a new Hive table

Run the following commands to create a table named test_table:

use test_db;
create table test_table (id bigint not null, value varchar(100));
show tables;

Insert data into Hive table

Run the following command to insert some sample data:

insert into test_table (id,value) values (1,'ABC'),(2,'DEF');

Two records will be created by the above command.

The command will submit a MapReduce job to YARN. You can also configure Hive to use Spark as execution engine instead of MapReduce.

You can track the job status through Tracking URL printed out by the console output.

Go to YARN, you can also view the job status:

20200810100212-image.png

Wait until the job is completed. 

Select data from Hive table

Now, you can display the data by running the following command in Beeline:

select * from test_table;

The output looks similar to the following:

+----------------+-------------------+
| test_table.id  | test_table.value  |
+----------------+-------------------+
| 1              | ABC               |
| 2              | DEF               |
+----------------+-------------------+

In Hadoop NameNode website, you can also find the new files are created:

20200810100700-image.png

check Congratulations! You have successfully installed Hive 3.1.2 on your Windows 10 system.
More from Kontext
comment Comments
Raymond Raymond #1822 access_time 12 months ago more_vert

Can I confirm that you are using the following one:

$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh -dbType derby -initSchema-bash: HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh: No such file or directory

instead of:

$ HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh -dbType derby -initSchema-bash: HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh: No such file or directory

There is a space in your error log.

format_quote

person PRAVEEN KUMAR access_time 13 months ago

After running, am getting the below text,


$ cat "/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool.sh"

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with

# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at


# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0


# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

bin=`dirname "$0"`

bin=`cd "$bin"; pwd`

. "$bin"/hive --service schemaTool "$@"


Again running with schematool, SAME ERROR

$ HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh -dbType derby -initSchema

-bash: HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh: No such file or directory



PK PRAVEEN KUMAR B #1821 access_time 13 months ago more_vert

After running, am getting the below text,


$ cat "/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool.sh"

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with

# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at


# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0


# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

bin=`dirname "$0"`

bin=`cd "$bin"; pwd`

. "$bin"/hive --service schemaTool "$@"


Again running with schematool, SAME ERROR

$ HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh -dbType derby -initSchema

-bash: HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh: No such file or directory



format_quote

person Raymond access_time 13 months ago

This is a strange error. Can you try using the one with .sh?

$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh
Raymond Raymond #1820 access_time 13 months ago more_vert

This is a strange error. Can you try using the one with .sh?

$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool.sh
format_quote

person PRAVEEN KUMAR access_time 13 months ago

Yes. I have followed your steps completely and the folder also has the permission too. But it’s not executing. 

PK PRAVEEN KUMAR B #1819 access_time 13 months ago more_vert

Yes. I have followed your steps completely and the folder also has the permission too. But it’s not executing. 

Raymond Raymond #1818 access_time 13 months ago more_vert

Can you check whether your running user has permissions to the folder?  

Installing on Windows directly is not an easy task and you need to make sure every step is correct. I suggest following this guide to install it in WSL instead:

Apache Hive 3.1.2 Installation on Linux Guide (kontext.tech)

format_quote

person PRAVEEN KUMAR access_time 13 months ago

cd $HIVE_HOME

/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2


$ echo "/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool"

/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool


$ cat "/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool"

cat: /cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool: No such file or directory


Hive home is set correctly

Echo is working fine

Cat is displaying like : No such file or directory


20230329125604-image.png


In this attached image I have all formats of schematool (like textfile, command and .sh)


Kindly suggest to resolve it. While running hive scripts metastore_db is also created. 

PK PRAVEEN KUMAR B #1817 access_time 13 months ago more_vert

cd $HIVE_HOME

/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2


$ echo "/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool"

/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool


$ cat "/cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool"

cat: /cygdrive/c/hadoop-3.2.1/hive-3.1.2/bin/schematool: No such file or directory


Hive home is set correctly

Echo is working fine

Cat is displaying like : No such file or directory


20230329125604-image.png


In this attached image I have all formats of schematool (like textfile, command and .sh)


Kindly suggest to resolve it. While running hive scripts metastore_db is also created. 

format_quote

person Raymond access_time 13 months ago

Did you run this in Git Bash or Cygwin terminal? You need to ensure the HIVE_HOME variable is also setup correctly.


Can you run the following?

echo "$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool"
cat "$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool"
Raymond Raymond #1815 access_time 13 months ago more_vert

Did you run this in Git Bash or Cygwin terminal? You need to ensure the HIVE_HOME variable is also setup correctly.


Can you run the following?

echo "$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool"
cat "$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool"
format_quote

person PRAVEEN KUMAR access_time 13 months ago

$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool -dbType derby -initSchema

This step is not working for me. Getting an error like 

-bash: schematool: command not found

Kindly help to resolve it 
PK PRAVEEN KUMAR B #1814 access_time 13 months ago more_vert
$HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool -dbType derby -initSchema

This step is not working for me. Getting an error like 

-bash: schematool: command not found

Kindly help to resolve it 
Raymond Raymond #1527 access_time 3 years ago more_vert

Hi Orland, I may be able to find sometime this week (after my work hours or on weekend).

Can you please send an email about the timezone and preferred time to the following email box?

Contact us 

I will try to organize one session with you. 


format_quote

person Orland access_time 3 years ago

Hi again Raymond is there anyway I can get in touch with you through chat since Im in need of mentoring in Hive and Spark for some exercises. I find this topic quite challenging. 


O Orland Espiritu #1524 access_time 3 years ago more_vert

Hi again Raymond is there anyway I can get in touch with you through chat since Im in need of mentoring in Hive and Spark for some exercises. I find this topic quite challenging. 


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