Install Hadoop 3.3.1 on Windows 10 Step by Step Guide

This detailed step-by-step guide shows you how to install the latest Hadoop v3.3.1 on Windows 10. It leverages Hadoop 3.3.1 winutils tool. WLS (Windows Subsystem for Linux) is not required. This version was released on June 15 2021. It is the second release of Apache Hadoop 3.3 line.

Please follow all the instructions carefully. Once you complete the steps, you will have a shiny pseudo-distributed single node Hadoop to work with.

References

Refer to the following articles if you prefer to install other versions of Hadoop or if you want to configure a multi-node cluster or using WSL.

• Install Hadoop 3.3.0 on Windows 10 Step by Step Guide
• Install Hadoop 3.3.0 on Windows 10 using WSL (Windows Subsystems for Linux is requried)
• Install Hadoop 3.0.0 on Windows (Single Node)
• Configure Hadoop 3.1.0 in a Multi Node Cluster
• Install Hadoop 3.2.0 on Windows 10 using Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)

Required tools

Before you start, make sure you have these following tools enabled in Windows 10.

$PSversionTable
Name                           Value

----                           -----

PSVersion                      5.1.19041.1237

PSEdition                      Desktop

PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0...}

BuildVersion                   10.0.19041.1237

CLRVersion                     4.0.30319.42000

WSManStackVersion              3.0

PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3

SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1

Now we will start the installation process. 

Step 1 - Download Hadoop binary package

Select download mirror link

Go to download page of the official website:

Apache Download Mirrors - Hadoop 3.3.1

And then choose one of the mirror link. The page lists the mirrors closest to you based on your location. For me, I am choosing the following mirror link:

https://dlcdn.apache.org/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.3.1/hadoop-3.3.1.tar.gz

Download the package

Open PowerShell and then run the following command lines one by one:

$dest_dir="F:\big-data"
$url = "https://dlcdn.apache.org/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.3.1/hadoop-3.3.1.tar.gz"
$client = new-object System.Net.WebClient
$client.DownloadFile($url,$dest_dir+"\hadoop-3.3.1.tar.gz")

It may take a few minutes to download. 

Once the download completes, you can verify it:

PS F:\big-data> cd $dest_dir
PS F:\big-data> ls


    Directory: F:\big-data


Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
-a----        12/10/2021   7:28 PM      605187279 hadoop-3.3.1.tar.gz

You can also directly download the package through your web browser and save it to the destination directory.

Step 2 - Unpack the package

Now we need to unpack the downloaded package using GUI tool (like 7 Zip) or command line. For me, I will use git bash to unpack it.

Open git bash and change the directory to the destination folder:

cd $dest_dir

And then run the following command to unzip:

tar -xvzf  hadoop-3.3.1.tar.gz

The command will take quite a few minutes as there are numerous files included and the latest version introduced many new features.

After the unzip command is completed, a new folder hadoop-3.3.1 is created under the destination folder. 

tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors

Step 3 - Install Hadoop native IO binary

Hadoop on Linux includes optional Native IO support. However Native IO is mandatory on Windows and without it you will not be able to get your installation working. The Windows native IO libraries are not included as part of Apache Hadoop release. Thus we need to build and install it.

Download all the files in the following location and save them to the bin folder under Hadoop folder. For my environment, the full path is: F:\big-data\hadoop-3.3.1\bin. Remember to change it to your own path accordingly. 

https://github.com/kontext-tech/winutils/tree/master/hadoop-3.3.1/bin

After this, the bin folder looks like the following:

Step 4 - (Optional) Java JDK installation

Java JDK is required to run Hadoop. If you have not installed Java JDK, please install it.

You can install JDK 8 from the following page:

https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

Once you complete the installation, please run the following command in PowerShell or Git Bash to verify:

$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_161"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b12, mixed mode)

If you got error about 'cannot find java command or executable'. Don't worry we will resolve this in the following step.

Step 5 - Configure environment variables

Now we've downloaded and unpacked all the artefacts we need to configure two important environment variables.

Configure JAVA_HOME environment variable

As mentioned earlier, Hadoop requires Java and we need to configure JAVA_HOME environment variable (though it is not mandatory but I recommend it).

First, we need to find out the location of Java SDK. In my system, the path is: D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_161.

Your location can be different depends on where you install your JDK.

And then run the following command in the previous PowerShell window:

SETX JAVA_HOME "D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_161" 

Remember to quote the path especially if you have spaces in your JDK path.

The output looks like the following:

Configure HADOOP_HOME environment variable

Similarly we need to create a new environment variable for HADOOP_HOME using the following command. The path should be your extracted Hadoop folder. For my environment it is: F:\big-data\hadoop-3.3.1.

If you used PowerShell to download and if the windowis still open, you can simply run the following command:

SETX HADOOP_HOME $dest_dir+"/hadoop-3.3.1"                        

Alternatively, you can specify the full path:

SETX HADOOP_HOME "F:\big-data\hadoop-3.3.1"

Now you can also verify the two environment variables in the system:

Configure PATH environment variable

Once we finish setting up the above two environment variables, we need to add the bin folders to the PATH environment variable. 

If PATH environment exists in your system, you can also manually add the following two paths to it:

• %JAVA_HOME%/bin
• %HADOOP_HOME%/bin

Alternatively, you can run the following command to add them:

setx PATH "$env:PATH;$env:JAVA_HOME/bin;$env:HADOO_HOME/bin"

If you don't have other user variables setup in the system, you can also directly add a Path environment variable that references others to make it short:

Close PowerShell window and open a new one and type winutils.exe directly to verify that our above steps are completed successfully:

You should also be able to run the following command:

hadoop -version
java version "1.8.0_161"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b12, mixed mode)

Step 6 - Configure Hadoop

Now we are ready to configure the most important part - Hadoop configurations which involves Core, YARN, MapReduce, HDFS configurations. 

Configure core site

Edit file core-site.xml in %HADOOP_HOME%\etc\hadoop folder. For my environment, the actual path is F:\big-data\hadoop-3.3.1\etc\hadoop.

Replace configuration element with the following:

<configuration>
   <property>
     <name>fs.default.name</name>
     <value>hdfs://0.0.0.0:19000</value>
   </property>
</configuration>

Configure HDFS

Edit file hdfs-site.xml in %HADOOP_HOME%\etc\hadoop folder. 

Before editing, please correct two folders in your system: one for namenode directory and another for data directory.  For my system, I created the following two sub folders:

• F:\big-data\data\dfs\namespace_logs_331
• F:\big-data\data\dfs\data_331
  

Replace configuration element with the following (remember to replace the highlighted paths accordingly):

<configuration>
   <property>
     <name>dfs.replication</name>
     <value>1</value>
   </property>
   <property>
     <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
     <value>file:///F:/big-data/data/dfs/namespace_logs_331</value>
   </property>
   <property>
     <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
     <value>file:///F:/big-data/data/dfs/data_331</value>
   </property>
</configuration>

In Hadoop 3, the property names are slightly different from previous version. Refer to the following official documentation to learn more about the configuration properties:

Hadoop 3.3.1 hdfs_default.xml

Configure MapReduce and YARN site

Edit file mapred-site.xml in %HADOOP_HOME%\etc\hadoop folder. 

Replace configuration element with the following:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
    <property> 
        <name>mapreduce.application.classpath</name>
        <value>%HADOOP_HOME%/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*,%HADOOP_HOME%/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*,%HADOOP_HOME%/share/hadoop/common/*,%HADOOP_HOME%/share/hadoop/common/lib/*,%HADOOP_HOME%/share/hadoop/yarn/*,%HADOOP_HOME%/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*,%HADOOP_HOME%/share/hadoop/hdfs/*,%HADOOP_HOME%/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

Edit file yarn-site.xml in %HADOOP_HOME%\etc\hadoop folder. 

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name>
        <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

Step 7 - Initialize HDFS & bug fix

Run the following command in Command Prompt 

hdfs namenode -format

The following is an example when it is formatted successfully:

Step 8 - Start HDFS daemons 

Run the following command to start HDFS daemons in Command Prompt:

%HADOOP_HOME%\sbin\start-dfs.cmd

Two Command Prompt windows will open: one for datanode and another for namenode as the following screenshot shows:

You can verify the processes via running the following command:

jps

The results should include the two processes:

F:\big-data>jps
15704 DataNode
16828 Jps
23228 NameNode

Verify HDFS web portal UI through this link: http://localhost:9870/dfshealth.html#tab-overview.

You can also navigate to a data node UI:

Step 9 - Start YARN daemons

Run the following command in an elevated Command Prompt window (Run as administrator) to start YARN daemons:

%HADOOP_HOME%\sbin\start-yarn.cmd

Similarly two Command Prompt windows will open - one for resource manager and another for node manager as the following screenshot shows:

You can verify YARN resource manager UI when all services are started successfully. 

http://localhost:8088

Step 10 - Verify Java processes

Run the following command to verify all running processes:

jps

The output looks like the following screenshot:

* We can see the process ID of each Java process for HDFS/YARN. 

* Your process IDs can be different from mine. 

Step 11 - Shutdown YARN & HDFS daemons

You don't need to keep the services running all the time. You can stop them by running the following commands one by one once you finish the test:

%HADOOP_HOME%\sbin\stop-yarn.cmd

%HADOOP_HOME%\sbin\stop-dfs.cmd

Let me know if you encounter any issues. Enjoy with your latest Hadoop on Windows 10.